School counselor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A school counselor is a counselor and an educator who works in elementary, middle, and/or high schools to provide academic, career, college readiness, and personal/social competencies to all K- 1. Contents. 1Duties and functions.
History of School Psychology Timeline Social Reform Special Education Begins WWI First Training Program First Doctorate Program, APA & AAAP formed Division 16 of APA NASP formed Public Law 94-142 in place National Certification formed Trend moving. Teacher Perceptions of the Role of a School Counselor. 14 Roles and Responsibilities of Current School Counselors. This chapter will begin with an examination of the history behind the school counseling profession. It will discuss the evolution of school. Strategies for Helping High School Students with a History of Juvenile Delinquency Achieve their Postsecondary Goals. A Research Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Science Degree In School Counseling Approved: 2~.
History, mandates, and school counselor to student ratios. Roles, school counseling programs, associations, and ethics.
Education credentials and certification. Job growth and earnings. Notable school counselors.
See also. 8References. Evidence- and research- based school counseling articles, books, DVDs. Abilities, Disabilities, Gifts, Talents, and Special Education in School Counseling. Academic Interventions, Closing Achievement Gaps.
School Guidance and Counseling in Kenya: Historical Development, Current Status, and Future Prospects Grace W. Fisher 2 1.Department of Educational Leadership and Counseling. History Of Guidance And Counseling In Nigeria.pdf DOWNLOAD HERE 1 / 2 http:// School Counseling in Nigeria: Past, Present, and Future http://ejournals.ph/index.php. The history of school counseling around the world varies greatly based on how different countries and local communities have chosen to provide academic, career, college readiness, and personal/social skills and competencies to K-12 children and their families.
Accountability; Evidence- and Data- Based School Counseling Program Curricula, Evaluation, and Practices. Advocacy, Empowerment, Equity, Social Justice. ASCA Model/Standards, School Counseling Programs, Closing Gaps. Bilingual School Counseling.
Career and College Access/Admission/Readiness; Closing Opportunity/Attainment Gaps. Caseloads, Collaboration, Resources, Schedule Changes, School Counselor/Student Ratios.
Counseling Theories in Schools. Credentialing Exams for School Counselors.
Cultural Competence, Ethnic/Racial Identity Development in Schools. Counseling Core Curriculum, Lesson Plans, Classroom Management.
Ethics and Law in School Counseling. Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender School Counseling. Group Counseling in Schools. International School Counseling. Leadership, Systemic Change, Principal Perceptions of School Counseling. Outcome Research in School Counseling.
Personal/Social Interventions: Abuse, Addictions, Anxiety, Bullying, Conflict, Obesity, Peer Mediation, Self- Mutilation, Violence)8. Poverty, Homelessness, Classism. Rural School Counseling.
School- Family- Community Partnerships; Parenting Interventions for Academic Success. Supervision, Site Supervisors, and School Counselor Education. Technology and School Counseling. Transforming School Counseling Roles and Professional Identity. External links. Duties and functions. In other cases, school counseling is provided by classroom teachers who either have such duties added to their typical teaching load or teach only a limited load that also includes school counseling activities (for example- India, Japan, Mexico, South Korea, Zambia). The school counselor to student ratio ranges from 1: 8.
Australian Capital Territory to 1: 1. Tasmania. Part of their care includes; counseling students, assisting parents/guardians to make informed decisions about their child's education, both learning and behavioral. Assist schools and parents in assessing disabilities and liaise with outside agencies to provide the best support for schools, teachers, students and parents. An additional stressor is that there are not enough places for students to attend college, and over 1/3 of college graduates cannot find jobs. There is no national system of certifying school counselors.
Most are trained in Western- developed cognitive methods including REBT, Rogerian, Family Systems, Behavior Modification, and Object Relations. In Hong Kong, Hui (2. The Basic Education Act of 1. Yannakoudakis, Professor of Computer Science).
The team received funding under the European Union (PETRA II Programme): The establishment of a national occupational guidance resources centre, 1. The team of Professor Yannakoudakis also organised a series of seminars and lectures to train the first occupational guidance counsellors in Greece between 1. However, legislation in the early 1. The main organization for school counseling profession is the IGC or Institute of Guidance Counsellors, which has a code of ethics. There are now school counselors in about 1/5 of the elementary and middle schools in Lebanon and none in the high schools.
Private schools have some school counselors serving all grade levels but the focus is exclusively individual counseling and primarily remedial. Last, for persons trained in Western models of school counseling there are dangers of overlooking unique cultural and family aspects of Lebanese society.
Through the 1. 99. Guidance teachers are mandated at a 1: 3. It rarely exists at the elementary school level. Where there are federally funded secondary schools, there are some professionally trained school counselors. However, in many cases, there are only teachers who function as career masters/mistresses. School counselors often have teaching and other responsibilities that take time away from their school counseling tasks. The Counseling Association of Nigeria (CASSON) was formed in 1.
However, a certification/licensure board has been formed. Aluede, Adomeh, & Afen- Akpaida (2. USA and the need for school counselors in Nigeria to take a whole- school approach and lessen the focus on individual approaches and honor the traditional African world view that values the family and community's roles in decision- making as paramount for effective decision- making in schools.
In 2. 01. 0, 9. 0% of high schools had some type of school counseling service. Kitts mandates school counseling. The workgroups are called . They both work with communication methodology but the Kurator's work is more therapeutic often psychological and social problems in schools, and the studie- och yrkesv. Prior to this time, the focus had been primarily individual and group counseling, play therapy. Davis was the first to provide a systematic school guidance program.
In 1. 90. 7, he became the principal of a high school and encouraged the school English teachers to use compositions and lessons to relate career interests, develop character, and avoid behavioral problems. Many others during this time also focused on what is now called career development. For example, in 1. Frank Parsons, . This movement emphasized personal, social, moral development. Many schools reacted to this movement as anti- educational, saying that schools should teach only the fundamentals of education. This, combined with the economic hardship of the Great Depression, led to a decline in school counseling.
In the 1. 94. 0s, psychologists and counselors selected, recruited, and trained military personnel. This propelled the school counseling movement in schools by providing ways to test students and meet their needs. Schools accepted these military tests openly. Also, Carl Rogers' emphasis on helping relationships and a move away from directive . In 1. 95. 7, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik I.
Out of concern that the Russians were winning the space race and that there were not enough scientists and mathematicians, the government passed the National Defense Education Act, spurring growth in vocational counseling through larger funding. In the 1. 96. 0s, new legislation and professional developments refined the school counseling profession (Schmidt. In the early 1. 97.
Dr. Norm Gysbers began shifting the profession from school counselors as solitary professionals into having a comprehensive developmental school counseling program for all students K- 1. Chris Sink & associates showed similar evidence- based success for school counseling programs at the elementary and middle school levels in Washington State. But school counseling in the 1. Martin developed focus groups of K- 1. School Counselor Education. She hired a school counselor educator from Oregon State University, Dr. Reese House, and they co- created what emerged in 2.
National Center for Transforming School Counseling (NCTSC). The NCTSC focused on both changing school counselor education at the graduate level and changing school counselor practice in local districts to teach school counselors how to prevent, intervene with, and close achievement and opportunity gaps.
In the focus groups, they found what Hart & Jacobi. Too many school counselors used inequitable practices, supported inequitable school policies, and were unwilling to change. This professional behavior kept many students from non- dominant backgrounds (i. They funded six $5.
Counselor Education/School Counseling programs, with a special focus on rural and urban settings, to transform their school counseling programs to include a focus on teaching school counselor candidates advocacy, leadership, teaming and collaboration, equity assessment using data, and culturally competent program counseling and coordination in 1. Indiana State University, University of Georgia, University of West Georgia, University of California- Northridge, University of North Florida, and Ohio State University) and then over 2. Counselor Education/School Counseling programs joined as companion institutions in the following decade. By 2. 00. 8, NCTSC consultants had worked in over 1. In 2. 00. 2, the American School Counselor Association released the first edition of the ASCA National Model: A framework for school counseling programs, written by Dr. Norm Gysbers, Curly & Sharon Johnson, Robert Myrick, Carol Dahir & Cheri Campbell's ASCA National Standards, and the skill- based focus for closing achievement and opportunity gaps from the Education Trust's Pat Martin and Dr.
Reese House into one document. In 2. 00. 3, the Center for School Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation (CSCORE).
One of the research fellows, Dr. Tim Poynton, developed the EZAnalyze.
They developed an equity- focused entity on school counselors' role in college readiness and admission counseling, the National Office for School Counselor Advocacy (NOSCA). Jay Carey and colleagues focused on innovations in selected College Board . Rita Schellenberg introduced standards blending as a cross- walking approach to align school counseling with the academic achievement mission of schools as well as two data- based reporting systems, SCORE and SCOPE. Vicki Brooks- Mc. Namara addressing the school counselor/principal connection with specific recommendations for best practices in collaborative leadership in school counseling.